retour accueil











retour accueil

 




les outils

un verrier

he word "shop" means both a team of glass makers and their working space around the furnace.

To manufacture a stemmed-glass, the glass-making team comprises 7 or 8 workers:

- one or two gatherer-marverers
- a moulder
- a stem gatherer
- a foot gatherer
- a stem fitter
- a foot fitter
- a taker-in

The taker-in carries the pieces to the lehr for annealing. He collects them from several work places.

Co-operation is essential in the shop: the work of each member depends on the others. The safety of the shop, where all workers handle hot glass, also depends on this co-operation.

The shop is a long path of apprenticeship, possibly lasting between 10 and 15 years. New arrivals work as taker-in, then progress through stem gatherer, foot gatherer, gatherer-marverer, moulder, foot fitter and stem fitter. The shop leader (or stem fitter) masters all the tools and manufacturing techniques.

 

Manufacture of a glass

A glass comprises a bowl (1 : the container), a stem (2) and a foot (3). Each element requires a precise manufacturing task.

To manufacture a glass:

1. The gatherer-marverer takes a quantity of glass from the furnace using a blowpipe (hollow stainless steel tube roughly 1.60 m long). Using a moulding block (a kind of wooden ladle) he gives the bowl its rounded shape.

The blowpipe is passed to the moulder who places the rough piece in a mould a blows through the pipe, turning it to give the bowl its final shape.

2. The pipe is given to the stem fitter: a drop of glass is place on the bowl by the stem gatherer using a gathering iron. The stem fitter guides the gathering iron with scissors so that the glass falls at exactly the right spot. He then uses pliers to form the stem.

3. The work continues with the foot fitter, assisted by the foot gatherer who, like the stem fitter, puts a drop of glass in place for working with a "rouquette" (two hinged strips of wood used to form the foot).

The shaped glass is detached from the blowpipe with a slight tap and placed in the annealing furnace for roughly two hours. This relaxes residual stress in the material.


Each piece is examined as it leaves the lehr to detect any defects. Some glasses are broken up and remelted.

The cap (discarded top section of a blown item) is detached from the glass by means of a machine equipped with a glazier's cutter and diamond grinding discs to level the rim of the glass. The rim of the glass is then flamed for polishing.

The glass can then be decorated by cutting motifs with a grinder (shapes of grapes, cherries, roses, facets, etc.). Some glasses are embellished with a thread of gold on the rim or sandblasted motifs.

 

 

 
retour accueil